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Differential microRNA Expression Levels in TRUS Biopsies with Prostate Cancer Utilizing Tissue Printing
Christopher W. Lebeis, MD, Kai H. Hammerich, MD, Benjamin Waldorf, MD, Casey Kowalik, MD, John E. Humphrey, MD, Travis Sullivan, MS, Justin Zbrzezny, MD, Patrick Teebagy, BA, John A. Libertino, MD, Kimberly M. Rieger-Christ, PhD.
Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.
Background
Treatment options and clinical decisions concerning prostate cancer are based on Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) levels and histopathological analysis of Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsies. The aim of this study was to evaluate microRNA (miRNA) expression levels associated with different Gleason Scores at the time of TRUS biopsy as an adjunct tool to better characterize the tumor findings.
Methods
Tissue prints of TRUS biopsies were collected from patients with Gleason Sum (GS) 6, 7, and ≥8 adenocarcinoma. Total RNA was extracted from the tissue prints and after initial microarray analysis, miRNA expression was verified by qRT-PCR on individual specimens.
Results
Tissue prints from 58 patients were analyzed for this study. After evaluation by our histopathology department, these results were subdivided into GS 6 (n=24), 7 (n=22), and ≥8 (n=12). Thirteen miRNAs correlated with GS: three were differentially expressed when comparing GS 6 to 7, five when comparing GS 6 to 8, and five when comparing GS 7 to 8. With respect to differentiating GS 6 vs. GS 7 a combination of two of these miRNAs, in a logistic regression model, classified cases with an overall accuracy of 76% and a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 77%.
Conclusions
TRUS biopsy samples demonstrated different miRNA expression levels between the GS groups. These distinct patterns suggest that certain miRNAs are important at specific stages of prostate cancer progression. Analysis of miRNA expression levels in TRUS specimens holds promise to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and characterization of prostate cancer.
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